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Journal of Statistics Applications & Probability
An International Journal
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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Vol. 15 > May 2026

 

 

Underprivileged Pathways: The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Juvenile Delinquency in Haryana, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:307-317

doi:10.18576/jsap/150301

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Authors:
Naman Singh - School of Liberal and Creative Arts (Social Science and Languages), Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India, 144411
Deepak Sharma - School of Liberal and Creative Arts (Social Science and Languages), Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India, 144411
Kundesh Sharmaan - School of Liberal and Creative Arts (Social Science and Languages), Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India, 144411
Danish Gulzar - School of Liberal and Creative Arts (Social Science and Languages), Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India, 144411

 

Statistical Analysis of the Impact of Electronic Examinations on Student Achievement, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:319-329

doi:10.18576/jsap/150302

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Authors:
Mohammad N. Al-Radi - Faculty of Education, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan

 

The Impact of Applying Quality Systems on the Efficiency of Marketing Performance in Service Organizations, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:331-348

doi:10.18576/jsap/150303

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Authors:
Buraie B. M. Ali - Applied College, Najran University, P.O. box 1988 Najran 66257, Saudi Arabia
Anaam M. G. Elmoustafa - Applied College, Najran University, P.O. box 1988 Najran 66257, Saudi Arabia
Amani A. A. Atta - College Of Business Administration, Najran University, P. O. Box 1988, Najran 66257, Saudi Arabia
Khalda A. M. Mohamed - Applied College, Najran University, P.O. box 1988 Najran 66257, Saudi Arabia
Mona H. A. Mohamed - Applied College, Najran University, P.O. box 1988 Najran 66257, Saudi Arabia

 

Using Hybrid Models for Predicting Volatility in the Saudi Stock Market, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:349-363

doi:10.18576/jsap/150304

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Authors:
Najla F. Al-Qadi - Department of Economics and Finance, College of Business Administration, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
Salwa S. B. Saad - Department of Business Administration, Applied College, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 3247, Abha 61471, Saudi Arabia
Osama M. H. Mahdi - Applied College, Najran University, P. O. Box 1988, Najran, 66462, Saudi Arabia
Fatima Eljaili - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, Najran University, P. O. Box 1988, Najran, 66462, Saudi Arabia
Asia Bashier - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, Najran University, P. O. Box 1988, Najran, 66462, Saudi Arabia
Rafia Zaroug - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, Najran University, P. O. Box 1988, Najran, 66462, Saudi Arabia
Abdelgalal O. I. Abaker - Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Analysis of Family Climate and Its Relationship to Academic Procrastination among University Female Students, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:365-402

doi:10.18576/jsap/150305

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Authors:
N. El Toukhy - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
R. Mashal - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics Menofia University, Cairo, Egypt
S. AI Aswad - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
H. Mostafa - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
A. El-Talawy - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
F. Al Basiony - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
O. Mohamed - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Z. El-Shenawy - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
W. Abo EL-maaty - Department of Educational and Home Economics, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
D. Sobeeh - Department of Family and Childhood Management, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

 

Statistical Analysis to Measure the Impact of ESG Disclosure on Firm Value and Stock Performance: Evidence from Saudi Arabia, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:403-453

doi:10.18576/jsap/150306

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Authors:
Samhi Abdelaty DIFALLA - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration in Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Control Points: Approximate Methods for Solving First Order Fuzzy Initial Value Problems, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:455-478

doi:10.18576/jsap/150307

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Authors:
M. A. Hafez - Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surviving, INTI International University Colleges, Nilai, Malaysia\\ Faculty of management, Shinawatra University, Pathum Thani Thailand
A. F. Jameel - Faculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar 311, Oman
Ali Akgul - Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India\\ Department of Mathematics, Art and Science Faculty, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey
Eman Almuhur - Department of Mathematics, Applied Science Private University (ASU), Amman, Jordan
Mahmoud Z. Mistarihi - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, Liwa University, Abu- Dhabi, United Arab Emirates\\ Department of Industrial Engineering -Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
Sardar G. Amen - General Directorate of Education in Kirkuk Governorate, Department of Educational Planning, Iraq
Adel S. Hussain - Department of IT, Amedi Technical Institutes, University of Duhok Polytechnic, Duhok, Iraq\\ Department of Administrative and Financial Affairs, Faculty Division, Al-Iraqi University, Baghdad, Iraq
Mohammad A. Tashtoush - Department of Basic Sciences, AL-Huson University College, AL-Balqa Applied University, Salt, JordanDepartment of Basic Sciences, AL-Huson University College, AL-Balqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan\\ Faculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar, Oman

 

Statistical Analysis Impact of Artificial Intelligence Use on the Development of Educational Skills among University Students: An Application to Students of the University of Fujairah, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:479-490

doi:10.18576/jsap/150308

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Authors:
Elsayed Mohamed Abdalrahman - Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab Emirates
Ramadan Ismail - Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Sociology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab Emirates
Asma Sirageldin Ahmed - Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab Emirates\\ Department of Psychology, College of Arts, University of Khartoum, Sudan
Osman Sirajeldeen Ahmed - Department of Sociology, College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Khorfakkan, United Arab Emirates
Fatmah Rashed Alhassani - Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab Emirates
Huda Mohamed Aldhanhani - Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Humanities, Fujairah University, United Arab Emirates

 

Statistical Analysis to Moderating Role of Family Ownership in the relation between ESG Disclosure and Financial Performance: Evidence from Saudi Market, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:491-503

doi:10.18576/jsap/150309

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Authors:
Samhi Abdelaty Difalla - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration in Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Analysis to Measure the Relation between Carbon Emission Disclosure and Firm Value in Saudi Listed Firms, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:505-518

doi:10.18576/jsap/150310

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Authors:
Moustafa Zaki Metwalli - Department of Accounting, The Applied College in Al Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. [Al- Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

 

Adaptive Gamification in Python Learning: Integrating Machine Learning Algorithms for Educational Process Personalization, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:519-542

doi:10.18576/jsap/150311

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Authors:
Nurkasym Arkabaev - Institute of Mathematics, Physics, Engineering and Information Technologies, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Topchubay Isakov - Department of Mathematics, Physics and Teaching Methods, Kyrgyz-Uzbek International University named after B.Sydykov, Osh, Kyrgyzstan
Imad Yagoub Hamid - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Humanities in Dawadmi, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
Halla Elziber Elemam - Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Abha, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Sami Elsir Mohamed - Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Sulima M. Awad Yousif - Department of Basic Science, College of Preparatory year, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
Abdelgalal O. I. Abaker - Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Examination of the Customer and Competitor Orientation Impact on Economic Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation Capability, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:543-552

doi:10.18576/jsap/150312

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Authors:
Abdullah Ali Alsadoun - Department of Management Information System, College of Business Administration, Majmaah University, Al-Majma’ah 11952, Saudi Arabia

 

Kappa Model with Laplace Approximation: A Bayesian Study, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:553-564

doi:10.18576/jsap/150313

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Authors:
Najrullah Khan - Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
Md. Tanwir Akhtar - Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Najia - Department of Commerce, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
Mohd Shariq - Department of Optometry, College of Allied Health Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut, India
Divesh Sati - School of Basic Sciences and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, India
Sourav Sharma - School of Basic Sciences and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, India
Riya - School of Basic Sciences and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut, India

 

Leveraging Deep Learning with Alpine Skiing Optimizer in Financial Performance Forecasting and Financial Statement Analysis: A Case Study from Saudi Arabia, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:565-577

doi:10.18576/jsap/150314

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Authors:
Manal M. Khayyat - Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Babikir Mubarak O. Elsheikh - Department of Business Administration, College of Business Administration, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Edris Abdu - Department of Business Administration, College of Business Administration, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
Buthayna G. E. Tamim - Department of Marketing and E-Commerce, College of Business Administration, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
Alhan H. A. Awadallah - Department of Business Administration, College of Business Administration, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
Abdelgalal O. I. Abaker - Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Nadia Bushra Mohammed Ali - Department of Finance, Faculty of Business, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic university, Saudi Arabia

 

Evaluating Forecast Accuracy: A Comparative Error-Based Analysis of ANN and Markov-Switching Models in Inflation Prediction, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:579-597

doi:10.18576/jsap/150315

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Authors:
Ntebogang Moroke - Department of Business Statistics and Operations Research, North West University, North West, South Africa
Katleho Makatjane - Department of Statistics and Population Studies, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
Claris Shoko - Department of Statistics, Demographic and Population Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

 

The Exponentiated Discrete Linear Exponential Distribution: Theory, Risk Profiles, and Applications to Biological and Engineering Data, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:599-621

doi:10.18576/jsap/150316

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Authors:
Hend S. Shahen - Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed S. Eliwa - Department of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia\\ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Mahmoud El-Morshedy - Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Analysis of AI-Driven Learning Technologies and Their Impact on the Academic Motivation of Students with Learning Disabilities, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:623-634

doi:10.18576/jsap/150317

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Authors:
Nadia Ghalia - The Academic Arab College for Education in Haifa, Israel
Sawsan Kara - An Educator Ministry of Education, Dalyat El Karmel, Israel
Ahlam Darawsheh - Department of Education and Arabic Language Lecturer, Kay College, Beer Sheva, Israel
Mawaheb kheir Mustafa - An educator Ministry of Education, Sakhnin, Israel

 

A Statistical Examination of the Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:635-646

doi:10.18576/jsap/150318

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Authors:
Khaled Abdel Kader Alomari - Faculty of Business, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan
Younis Tayseer Al-Atoum - Faculty of Business, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan

 

On Translations, Contractions, and Dilations of Order Statistics and Record Values from the Extended Erlang–Truncated Exponential Distribution, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:647-657

doi:10.18576/jsap/150319

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Authors:
Imtiyaz A. Shah - Department of Community Medicine (Bio Statistics), Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar (J&K)-190011, India

 

Statistical Analysis of Accounting Disclosure on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance on Firm Value: The Moderating Role of Accounting Earnings Quality in Saudi Listed Firms, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:659-674

doi:10.18576/jsap/150320

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Authors:
Rabab Hamdy Abdalhamid - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration in Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Accounting, College of Business Administration in Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Abdalaziz M. Alhaggan - Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics & Management, October 6 University, Egypt

 

Academic Procrastination among Jordanian University Students and its Relationship to Video Game Addiction, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:675-685

doi:10.18576/jsap/150321

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Authors:
Sonia Abed Alhamed Drawsheh - Psychological Counseling, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan

 

Cyberchondria as a Digital Predictor of Illness Anxiety Disorder among University Students in Jordan: Evidence from Structural Equation Modeling, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:687-700

doi:10.18576/jsap/150322

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Authors:
Yahya, M. Khatatbeh - Department of Psychology, College of Social Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia
Rawan Abdul Mahdi Neyef Al-Saliti - Department of Psychological and Family Counseling, College of Educational Sciences, Ajloun National University, Ajloun, Jordan
Bandar S. Alzahrain - Department of Psychology, College of Social Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia
Mohammad A. Tashtoush - Department of Basic Sciences, AL-Huson University College, AL-Balqa Applied University, Salt 19117, Jordan\\ Faculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar 311, Oman

 

Advanced Predictive Modeling of Sport Commitment Using Machine Learning Among Fitness Center Users in Riyadh, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:701-715

doi:10.18576/jsap/150323

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Authors:
Yahya, M. Khatatbeh - Department of Psychology, College of Social Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia
Bandar S. Alzahrain - Department of Psychology, College of Social Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia
Mohammad A. Tashtoush - Department of Basic Sciences, AL-Huson University College, AL-Balqa Applied University, Salt 19117, Jordan\\ Faculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar 311, OmanFaculty of Education and Arts, Sohar University, Sohar 311, Oman
Rawan Abdul Mahdi Neyef Al-Saliti - Department of Psychological and Family Counseling, College of Educational Sciences, Ajloun National University, Ajloun, Jordan

 

Statistical Analysis of Sustainability Information Disclosure on Financial Reports Quality in Saudi Listed Firms, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:717-731

doi:10.18576/jsap/150324

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Authors:
Rabab Hamdy Abdalhamid - Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Hawtat Bani Tamim, Saudi Arabia
Basma Medhat Farahat - Department of Management, College of Business Administration, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Hawtat Bani Tamim, Saudi Arabia
Abdalaziz M. Alhaggan - Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Management, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt

 

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Enhancing the Quality of Accounting Information in Commercial Banks: Evidence from the Saudi Environment, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:733-746

doi:10.18576/jsap/150325

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Authors:
Jafar Othman El- Sharif Abdulaziz - Department of accounting, Faculty of Business Administration, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Hanadi Abd-Almonem Ahmad AL-ahmar - Department of accounting, Faculty of Business Administration, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia

 

Statistical Analysis of AI Applications in Awareness-Oriented Media Practices Through Public Relations, Vol. 15, No. 3 (May 2026), PP:747-768

doi:10.18576/jsap/150326

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Authors:
Osman Bakur Gazzaz - Department of Administrative and Humanitarian Research, Umm Al Qura University, KSA

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