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Recycling Spent Batteries into High-Efficiency MoS2@GO Composites for Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solutions |
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PP: 183-193 |
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doi:10.18576/ijtfst/150205
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Author(s) |
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Mohammad A. M. Ali,
Abdelrahman M. Hamed,
Gomaa A. M. Ali,
Zinab H. Bakr,
Abdelaal S. A. Ahmed,
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Abstract |
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| This work presents the preparation of carbon (C), MoS2@C, and MoS2@graphene oxide (GO) composites derived from spent batteries for the efficient removal of phenol from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adsorption performance was systematically evaluated through batch experiments by examining the effects of solution pH, contact time, initial phenol concentration, and temperature. Among the investigated adsorbents, the MoS2@GO composite exhibited the highest adsorption performance, achieving a phenol removal efficiency of 96% within 120 min. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption data were best described by the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium data were in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer adsorption on homogeneous active sites. The maximum adsorption capacities of C, MoS2@C, and MoS2@GO were determined to be 13.05, 16.28, and 20.25 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic evaluation revealed that the adsorption process was exothermic, while the calculated Gibbs free energy values indicated that adsorption was thermodynamically non-spontaneous under the investigated conditions. In addition, the prepared composites retained satisfactory adsorption performance during regeneration experiments, demonstrating good reusability. These findings highlight the potential of MoS2@GO synthesized from spent batteries as an environmentally sustainable and economically attractive adsorbent for the treatment of phenol-contaminated wastewater. |
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