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Battery Technologies of Electric Vehicles Sustainability: Characteristics, Types, and Charging Techniques |
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PP: 211-225 |
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doi:10.18576/ijtfst/140308
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Author(s) |
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Omnia A. Albadry,
Alaa A. Mahmoud,
Ahmed A. Hafez,
Gomaa A. M. Ali,
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Abstract |
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| The battery technologies, including design and manufacturing, have undergone significant advancements in recent years to meet the performance requirements of various applications, including the stationary and electromobility sectors. Electric vehicles (EVs), including fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), rely on batteries for their operation. Charging techniques such as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), fast charging, and conventional systems are essential for these vehicles. Batteries are increasingly utilized in stationary applications as temporary buffer energy storage solutions for electrical control in micro- and smart grids. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of various battery categories, examines the different battery types, and presents the findings. The discussion covers parameters such as energy storage efficiency, structural features, cost considerations, safety precautions, and operational longevity. Comprehensive comparisons between batteries and charging systems are carried out in this article to assist researchers, engineers, and experts in the fields of EVs and batteries. |
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