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A Depth Specific Description of Somewhat Homomorphic Encryption and Its Applications |
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PP: 1345-1353 |
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Author(s) |
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Hyang-Sook Lee,
Seongan Lim,
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Abstract |
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| In this paper, we consider the depth-specific description of somewhat homomorphic encryption(SHE) schemes over integers.
The ciphertexts of SHE scheme may have various forms depending on its encryption depth, and this makes the correctness check of the
encryption scheme cumbersome. However, if one can present a SHE scheme depth-specifically, the correctness check is enough with
depth-wise checks. We relate the homomorphic evaluation algorithms and binary operations on the set C of ciphertexts, and investigate
what makes the depth-specific description is enough for a somewhat homomorphic encryption. We conclude that it is sufficient to have
C with a ring-like structure with respect to the evaluation algorithms for a somewhat homomorphic encryption with relatively small
depth. In fact, it is common to have the set of ciphertexts in a fully homomorphic encryption(FHE) scheme as a ring with respect to
the evaluation algorithms. It is previously known that one can expand the message size of a SHE as t times larger with the ciphertexts
t times larger using the Chinese Remainder Theorem(CRT). In this paper, we rewrite the message expansion method with CRT by
using the depth specific description. Moreover, in the case of BGN cryptosystem, we show that one can expand the message size with
smaller ciphertexts by using CRT twice. The rate of reduction of the ciphertext size depends on the security level. For example, for
BGN cryptosystem using a bilinear group of 2048 bit, one can expand the size of plaintexts as t times larger with t/3 times larger
ciphertexts. We see that the reducing rate becomes better if the security level increases. |
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