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Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Soil and Plants from Oil-Producing Area of Delta State, Nigeria |
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PP: 33-43 |
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doi:10.18576/jrna/110105
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Author(s) |
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Nduka C. Raluchukwu,
Umaru Ibrahim,
Abdullai A. Mundi,
Idris M. Mustapha,
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Abstract |
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| In this study, the heavy metal concentration in soil and plants from the oil-producing area (Delta State) of Nigeria was investigated. A total of thirty (30) soil and plant samples were collected from farms in Sapele, Delta State. These samples were collected randomly from each sampling farms around the oil exploration sites. The samples were analyzed for heavy metal concentration levels in the samples using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The soil to plant transfer factor, carcinogenic, and non-carcinogenic risk assessment were determined. The mean concentration of heavy metals in soil (plant) are 0.005197933 mg/kg (0.001025 mg/kg), 0.005183467 mg/kg (0.0014 mg/kg), 0.004088067 mg/kg (0.001541 mg/kg), 0.012421133 mg/kg (0.002491 mg/kg) and 0.001799733 mg/kg (0.000539 mg/kg) for Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Cu, respectively. The mean transfer factor of Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Cu is 0.12983366, 0.34. The mean ADI for ingestion in Child (Adult) are 7.845E-09 (3.05162E-09), 7.8241E-09 (3.04313E-09), 6.17067E-09 (2.40004E-09), 1.87489E-08 (7.29225E-09), 2.71658E-09 (1.05659E-09), and 4.33E-08 (1.68E-08), respectively. 2885048, 0.411881704, 0.163634563, and 0.324159195, respectively. The mean HQ for ingestion in Child (Adult) are 2.61531E-06 (1.01721E-06), 2.23546E-06 (8.69466E-07), 3.08533E-07 (1.20002E-07), 6.24963E-08 (2.43075E-08), and 2.43075E-08 (2.64149E-08), respectively. The calculated ADI values for all metals, across all exposure pathways, are several orders of magnitude below the WHO-recommended limits. This suggests that the current levels of heavy metals in the study area pose minimal risk to both children and adults. |
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